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The purpose of Engine oil
The engine oil is for keeping the various components inside your engine lubricated, so they can operate correctly.
Keep in mind these components are turning at thousands of revolutions per minute even at idle, so the correct engine oil is vital to the safe operation of your vehicle.
If the oils is too thick it won’t lubricate the system properly, if it is too thin it also will cause issues, so the correct engine oil must be used and must be kept clean for it to work efficiently.